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Debts by Installment

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02/03/1897

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At the Peterborough County Court sitting of this day, a number of orders were made that give us a glimpse of the time. Charles Jenks, a labourer from Water Newton, had debts totalling £21 4s that had accrued due to his loss of work caused by illness. He offered to meet his debts to 8s 6d in the pound at the rate of 3s per month. An order was made allowing this situation. Daniel Monk, a labourer from Eye, was in deeper trouble with debts of £40 10s 4d. He was offering 9s in the pound on the debts - an offer accepted by the court and requiring him to pay at a rate of 6s per month. If my sums are right, that's five years of payments. Among the undefended cases we find that Charles Tebbs, butcher of Midgate, was seeking payment of £26 15s 6d from one W. Chapman of Robin Hood Chase in Nottingham. The claim was upheld and Chapman was required to pay the debt at 10s a month. Tebbs has to wait over four years for settlement of the debt - if he's lucky. (Peterborough Citizen)

Taken from The Peterborough Book of Days by Brian Jones, The History Press, 2014.

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Notorious Highwayman Hanged

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1605

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On this day the notorious highwayman Gamaliel Ratsey was hanged.

He was born in Market Deeping, the son of wealthy Richard Ratsey. Unfortunately  as a young boy he went off the straight and narrow. In 1600 he enlisted in the army which accompanied Sir Charles Blount to Ireland but his time fighting did not cure him of his wicked ways. On his return to England in 1603 he robbed the landlady of an inn at Spalding. He was caught but escaped from prison, stealing a horse. He entered into partnership with two well known thieves named George Snell and Henry Shorthose and went on to commit many acts of highway robbery in Northamptonshire (which at the time included Peterborough).

Ratsey’s exploits were notorious but were also characterised by humour, generosity to the poor and daring. On one occasion, near to Peterborough, he robbed two rich wool merchants then ‘knighted’ them as Sir Walter Woolsack and Sir Samuel Sheepskin. On another, whilst robbing a Cambridge scholar he extorted a learned oration from him. He usually wore a hideous mask leading him to be called ‘Gamaliel Hobgoblin’. Ben Jonson wrote in The Alchemist (Act I, Scene 1) of a “face cut….worse than Gamaliel Ratsey".

Due to his generosity to the poor and the tales surrounding him, he became something of a folk hero and was the subject of several ballads. Sadly for Gamaliel, within two years his partners betrayed him to officers of the law and  on the 26th of March he was hanged in Bedford.

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A Highwayman in Dogsthorpe

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1821

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A highwayman stopped a farmer on Lincoln Road near Dogsthorpe and threatened to murder him if he didn’t pay up. Another traveller happened to be passing on horseback and together with the farmer gave the highwayman ‘a thorough thumping’. The farmer beat him with his own bludgeon and the traveller whipped the clothes off the highway man's back before letting him go, so badly beaten they hoped it would mend his ways.

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Thomas Dove Delinquent

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1646

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Thomas Dove was the son of Sir William Dove of Upton and grandson of Bishop Thomas Dove. He entered the record books during the 17th Century English Civil War after being identified as a delinquent. The Civil War was fought between Royalist and Parliamentarian troops (Cavaliers and Roundheads) and when the Parliamentarians rose to power they decreed that all wealthy men who had supported the Royalists should have their land taken, with any profits helping to fund the war. They were able to buy back the land by paying a hefty fine and promising not to fight for the Royalists again. Thomas Dove was accused of 'Adhering to the forces raised against Parliament' and paid £930 to buy back his land (approximately £110,000 in today's money) and gain a pardon.

The amount that men paid was based on the value of their land and income from it. The fine didn't harm his marriage prospects however, and he married Elizabeth Wingfield in 1648 in Tickencote. Her family had sold Upton Manor to Thomas Dove's grandfather Bishop Dove and it is likely that the marriage would have pleased both families.

Reference:

Journals of the House of Commons 4,1644-1646, pub 1803 https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=aRRDAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA626&lpg=PA626&dq=thomas+dove+%22delinquency%22&source=bl&ots=NbjBZQ9Pui&sig=ACfU3U12RkMvVDTntUfWU7x_rmkAssvqHA&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjm1bOt9JXjAhXXQRUIHZFADZQQ6AEwAHoECAkQAQ#v=onepage&q=thomas%20dove%20%22delinquency%22&f=false

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Transported to Tasmania

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1840

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The Peterborough Sessions of 8th April 1840 was chaired by the Right Honorable Earl Fitzwilliam. Other magistrates present included Thomas Alderson Cooke, Reverend William Strong and William Bates.

During the session the magistrates had to consider several cases of burglary and theft. William Brown was convicted of stealing a pick axe at Southorpe near Barnack and was given 7 years transportation as his punishment. For the more serious crime of stealing 4 ewes and 4 lambs Thomas Sopps received 10 years transportation. 

Surviving documents of transported convicts reveal that Thomas Sopps set sail on the Asia 1 ship on 12th April of the following year, arriving in Van Diemen's Land, now known as Tasmania, on 21st August 1841.

References:

Cambridge Independent Press, Saturday 11th April, 1840

https://convictrecords.com.au/convicts/sopps/thomas/96056

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Transported to the Americas

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1773

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Two men appeared at the Peterborough Quarter Sessions accused of breaking into a shop and stealing watches and clocks from the premises. The men appear to be career criminals, the first was entered as James Day, also known as 'Jas Nicholson, alias Castles, alias Glover, and Edw[ard] alias William Nicholson. They broke into Mr Noble's watch shop and stole '42 watches and 10 pairs of cases &c.' some of which they had with them when they were caught.

The trial lasted six hours, which was very long for the time, and reached a verdict that the men were 'guilty of the felony, but not of the burglary'. If they had been found guilty of stealing the watches they would have been hanged, but the judges were reluctant to sentence criminals to death; instead the two men were transported for seven years. In 1773 transported criminals were sent to America or the West Indies, the majority ending up in Maryland. The final fate of the men is not known.

Reference: Derby Mercury, Friday 30th July 1773 p. 4.

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Butcher Convicted of Sheep Rustling

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1848

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Stealing sheep, also known as sheep rustling, was serious crime in the past, so important, you could be sentenced to death for stealing them. In the village of Eye, Thomas Ward worked as a butcher. In an effort to save himself the cost of buying the mutton he wanted, he decided to steal two 'shear wether sheep'. The term might have been a reference to 'sheared' wethers, castrated male sheep that have had their fleece sheared off, or is possibly an old term no longer in use. The sheep belonged to Mr William Pank Moore, who was a local farmer and who appeared amongst several other Moores including a William Moore, butcher.

Thomas Ward pleaded Not Guilty, but was found Guilty by the jury. He was sentenced to 10 years transportation.

References

Cambridge Independent Press, Saturday 15th January 1848, p 3, col 5

Northants Directory 1849, http://www.eyepeterborough.co.uk/heritage/history-gazetter-and-directory-of-northamptonshire-1849/

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A Common Scold

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1564

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To be a common scold was to be a woman (or occasionally man) of nuisance. She was a gossip, loud, argumentative, unruly and unpleasant. If her husband had no effect at quietening her (for she was his property) then she could be labelled as a scold and face a suitable punishment. This has typically been associated with the ducking stool, a seated contraption that women were tied to. Whilst strapped to the stool or chair, they were ducked in a river or pond, being submerged for a short while under the water. It was not designed to injure the scold, but to dissuade them from their anti-social behaviour.

Unlike Norwich, which has identified the bridge from which scolds were ducked or 'cucked', there is no local tradition of scolds being ducked, however there is a record of a scold.

Known only as 'the wife of John Slegge' a woman was identified as a common scold 'to the grievous disquiet of the tenants'. We don't know which part of the city she lived in, but we do know that she was fined four pence for her crime. At a time when four pence went an awfully long way, it was hoped that the fine would help to curb her oral outburst and quieten her tongue.

Reference

W. T. Mellows and D. H. Gifford (Eds), Elizabethan Peterborough, Part Three of Tudor Documents, (Northants Record Society, 1956)

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A ducking stool from Cassell's Illustrated History of England, Volume 3 (Common Domain)

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I am Jack the Ripper

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1889

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In 1888 Elizabeth Ashworth, a prostitute, entered the Prince of Wales Feathers public house on City Road at about 10pm. After an argument with George Taylor in which he had hit her across the chest and they fought on the floor, she shouted 'I am Jack the Ripper' before stabbing him in the head four times. 

George left the pub to find a policeman and returned to see Elizabeth leaning against the Fitzwilliam coffee house cutting tobacco with the knife. The knife had blood on it, but she claimed that was from a cut she received whilst cutting tobacco. George, whose 'face and hands were smothered in blood' went to the infirmary where they discovered his injuries were thankfully not serious.

At the ensuing court case she was found 'guilty under great provocation' and received nine months in gaol. It is worthy of mention that she was previously convicted of stabbing her estranged husband in his cheek and was witnessed threatening her own mother with a knife in the street in Yaxley. 

Peterborough Standard, 5 January 1889, p. 8.

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Death by Deadly Nightshade: the Accidental Poisoning of a Coachman

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1748

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In the height of the summer of 1748, a chaise and pair (carriage with two horses) travelled north from London with a coachman and two gentlemen passengers. After a journey of several days in the heat of the summer, the chaise stopped in a lane near Peterborough. There the coachman spotted some shiny black berries at the side of the lane and had a little snack. This would turn out to be a grave error, for they were Deadly Nightshade berries, also known as Belladonna.

The poison in the berries took some time to work and at first he was ‘inclined to idiotism than madness.’ After stopping in Peterborough where he ‘took some oil for it’, the man managed to drive the carriage to Spalding, but things got worse there. The men stayed the night in an inn where the poisoned man talked deliriously and tore the bed he had been sleeping in. At around seven in the morning the man, who was by that point naked, climbed out onto the roof of the inn through his bedroom window. He started running along the roof, destroying all that he could. He smashed windows, removed window leading, half destroyed the chimney and pulled up most of the tiles on one side of the roof, throwing them at people who tried to stop him.

An attempt to dislodge him with a ‘water engine’ (likely to have been the town fire engine) managed to cool him down before his foot fell through the roof and he was dragged back into the inn. He was taken to the town gaol where he ‘continued raving in a most affecting manner’ for several days until he was given antimony. Being calmer but still very unwell, he was taken in by Mr Skinner, a Quaker, who provided a bed for him. Attempts were made to remove the poison from his body, but he died a few days later, a tragic end to the unnamed coachman.

Reference: The Scots Magazine, September 2 1748, p. 46-47

Image by Ulrike Leoni from Pixabay

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  • Notorious Highwayman Hanged

    On this day the notorious highwayman Gamaliel Ratsey was hanged. He was bo…

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  • A Highwayman in Dogsthorpe

    A highwayman stopped a farmer on Lincoln Road near Dogsthorpe and threatene…

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    Thomas Dove was the son of Sir William Dove of Upton and grandson of Bishop…

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    The Peterborough Sessions of 8th April 1840 was chaired by the Right Honora…

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    To be a common scold was to be a woman (or occasionally man) of nuisan…

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